Essay --

Hard work is the stepping stone for success Since my childhood I used to believe in hardwork and I have been a keen observer and am well known for probing new avenues, always enthusiastic and ready with a chain of questions. Having been brought up in a strong and secure family, i have been blessed to have parents who instilled me with good values and principles. Education was always given first priority and there was no compromise for it. My parents’ support motivated me to reach my goals. Right from my school days, i always enjoy studying biology and mathametics. At the school level though exposed to only major concepts of biology, the terms like cell, genes, dna, protein intrigued me a lot. I used to question myself as to how could these molecules/components, though very small in size, could perform heavy load of work in a well -planned manner and that too within a fraction of second. From my childhood iam interested in studying biology.I love to read books on life sciences and the natural process that occur in nature ,I used to experiments in my home on seed by seeing their different stages of growth by cultivating them in sand .Throughout my school i had excelled in academics by being in top 10 of my entire class.. Also in the state level engineering entrance examination i secured 86.4%. At that time the field of biotechnology field was new to my country and made many remarkable achievements. The passion towards biological sciences made me to take btech in biotech nology in jntua collage of engineering in pulivendula which is an government university. In college i have been exposed to many fields of study like biochemistry, cell biology, micro biology, molecular biology, genetics, genetic engineering, protein engineering, enz... ...or students and also doing some research work which we will be getting from research scholars and writing articles/papers are my responsibilities During my working period I have also submitted another research paper on â€Å"Insilico assessment of factor xa inhibitors by docking studies†which is under review.Iam planning plusing more papers which are under processs. I believe that i have all the qualities of a good researcher. I learnt many things from both my victories and failures.. I can accept both criticism and praise with a positive attitude. I feel that graduate study at your university will be the most logical extension of my academic pursuits and a major step towards achieving my objectives. I would be grateful to you if i am given the opportunity to pursue my graduate studies with financial assistance at your institution and am able to justify your faith in me.

Discussing The Theoretical Perspective Of Socialization

Socialization has different perspectives for viewing the social world. Perspective is how the world is looked at and theory consists of principles or propositions that are interrelated and give explanation or an answer to a phenomenon. Sociological theories explain about the social world where we live in. theoretical perspective of socialization explain the causes and possible solutions to social problems. Structural-functionalist perspective Society is considered as a system of parts that are interconnected and work to maintain state of social equilibrium and balance for everybody.For example, every social institution have an important function to the society, a family participates in reproducing, socializing children and nurturing them. Education provides knowledge, skills and shared beliefs to the youths. Politics governs the society and economics helps in production and consumption of goods. (Bacal, 1985 pp20-27). Structural-functionalist lay emphasis on interconnectedness of eve ry society by looking at how different parts influence and are influenced by others.For example, number of children who do not perform well in school has increased due to the increase in number of single parents and families who are dual earners because; parents are not available to supervise their children as they do their homework. Change in technology has resulted to colleges offering technical programs where many adults go to learn new skills required in their place of work. When number of women increase in the work place, there are policies formed against discrimination in jobs and sexual harassment.There is use of functional and dysfunctional in describing effects social elements have on the society. Functional elements make contribution to social stability and it is dysfunctional if there is disruption to social stability. Society may have aspects that are functional and dysfunctional. For example, crime is considered as dysfunctional because of being involved with fear and p hysical violence but Durkheim consider it as functional because of creating heightened awareness of moral bonds that are shared and social cohesion.According to social pathology, when there is sickness in the society, social problems arises just the way body of human being become ill when systems and organs are not functioning normally. When the structure and culture of society do not perform properly, society becomes ill. For example, crime, poverty and violence break families and leads to decline in religious institutions. (Baker, 1995 pp19-23). According to social disorganization, society norms are disrupted by rapid social change.When norms conflict or become weak, society becomes anomie and people may engage in drug abuse, rape and deviant behavior because of the weak and conflicting norms that regards their behavior. The pace of social change should be slowed down and strengthen social norms to solve the social problem. For example, when teenage use alcohol it violates social norm in society. The media show young people taking alcohol which make teenagers buy it using identification cards that are fake and parents make their children drink alcohol by drinking after work.Norms should be strengthened against taking alcohol through public education. (Storer, 1977 pp30-38). Conflict perspective The society is made up of different groups which have interests that compete to get power and resources. Conflict perspective looks at the group with power and is able to benefit from social arrangement. According to Karl Marx, in a society, there are stages involved in economic development. Societies change from being agricultural to industrial and become more concerned in making profit rather than meeting their basic needs.Industrialization results to people who own factories and businesses and workers who earn salaries and wages. People who have their own means of production benefit from division of society into classes of people. Employees who earn subsistence wag es do not have access to resources that wealthy owners have. Marx theory deals with social conflict due to economic inequalities and non-Marxist theory is about social conflict from competing values in social groups. In Marxists, inequalities that are inherent in capitalist system may cause social problems.A system where some people have and others do not have may benefit those who have and translate to poverty for people who do not have. Physical health and low achievement in education and crime are caused by poverty. Marxist theory of conflict focuses on alienation and powerlessness in lives of people. Societies that are industrialized have workers with little power and control of their jobs and are powerless in their lives. Specialized work requires repetitive tasks to be performed which make employees feel their lives to be meaningless because they perform tasks that are very limited.Alienation occurs in workplace and classroom where students do not have power if they find a cur riculum with no meaning. Alienation leads to low achievements in education, suicide and violence. (Basch, 1999 pp35-39). According to non-Marxist, when there are opposing interests in groups, conflict may arise. For example, activists of antiabortion emphasize on life of unborn embryos while pro-choice activists emphasize on women having the right to control their body and make reproductive decisions.This shows different interpretations of what make a social problem. Availability of abortion is social problem to antiabortionists while restriction of abortion is a social problem to pro-choice advocates. In order to solve problems brought about by competing values. Conflicting groups must understand the views of each other and get solution to their differences through mediation. The solution should satisfy both groups and should be win-win. Power influences outcome of conflicts where the group with most power influences the outcome.For example, when the congress could not increase the age of legal drinking to twenty one voluntarily in all states, it threatened to remove all the funds for federal highway from people who refused to comply. Symbolic interactions perspective Symbolic interactions talks about how definitions and meanings from interacting with others influence human behavior. Meaning and consequences of social behavior is important and human being should define the situation instead of the objectives of the situation because consequences of the situations are the ones that make the situations become real.Social interaction shapes our identity and self concept is developed by observing interaction of other people and how people view us. (Coburn, 1998 pp22-26). Perspective of symbolic interaction has implication on research conducted by scientists. To understand behavior of individual or group, social scientists looks at world from eyes of the individual or group. They understand how other people view reality and subjective aspects of experiences they h ave gone through which includes beliefs, symbols and attitudes. For a condition to become a social problem, it must be defined as a social problem.There are different stages of development of a social problem. It begins with societal recognition where social problem is born such us drunk driving. The next is social legitimating where larger community recognizes social problem which include schools and media. The other stage is mobilization for action when groups and individuals try to respond to social condition which results to development of a plan to deal with problem for example having checkpoints in highway to check drivers who drive while drunk. Explaining the role of social psychologistsSocial psychologists predict behavior and explain it. They give explanation of behavior in terms of its social forms. The components of behavior are thought, feeling which is emotional and action that are observed. The study of social psychologists deals with how people think about others and social emotions of loving each other and getting attracted to each other and being social through aggression and helping other people. Social psychologists at group level explain behavior in terms of social and biological groups where people belong and processes that are used to mould these groups.Biological groups include sexes and species and social groups are religious, ethnic and cultural groups. They classify families as social and biological group and process of cultural and biological evolution and changes in social groups. The current social situation is taken to be the cause of behavior. Individuals have hypothetical factors inferred from their behavior such as attitudes, personality traits and consciousness. Social psychologists have experiments that raise questions about measurements and ethics in researching about social psychology.Empirical data and theories organize data and predict behavior of people. Good theories have predictive utility and data can support or disap prove data and bring about interesting research. (Dewald, 1987 pp30-34). Social psychologists studies the formation of attitudes, how attitude is structured, changes in attitude, how attitudes function and how attitude is related to behavior. This is because, situations influence people and general attitudes can not predict behavior.Due to various reasons, environment may be valued by a person on a particular day and attitudes are always remembered and are at the center of our self concept since they result to behavior and general attitudes predict behavior over a given period of time. Social psychologists study how people remember, perceive and think about information of others. They assume that in social recognition, reality is complex and easy to discern and world is seen as image of reality. They study attitudes involved in every discipline which includes social perception.Attitudes are learned and they influence how a person thinks and takes action where there is expression of approval or disapproval of what is liked or disliked. (Merton, 1973 pp17-23). Social psychologists deals with phenomenon which is self related. They lay emphasis on cognitions. Self concept is where a person understands himself and is a cognitive component called self-schema and evaluative component called self-esteem. The center for human motivation is self-esteem and self efficacy is where an individual expects that the task performed will be effective.Social psychologists ensure that people are able to develop self concepts through getting feedback from others and social comparison. Social psychologists studies group related phenomena and behavior people in a crowd. They study reduced self awareness caused by dangerous behavior which occurs in mobs due to dark environment or disguise. When people work as a group, productivity and performance can be affected because people work harder when in presence of others which improve the way simple tasks are performed. (Fosshage, 1995 pp51 -56).

What is homosexuality - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 871 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2019/08/06 Category Society Essay Level High school Topics: Homosexuality Essay Did you like this example? What is homosexuality? The Bible never uses this term, though from time to time it does refer to behavior to which we now refer as homosexual. Homosexuality is the desire for and the experience of sexual behavior between members of the same sex. This way of understanding homosexuality shows the importance of consent between two adults, as Paul suggest in Romans 1:26-27, â€Å"because people did those things, God left them and let them do the shameful things they wanted to do. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "What is homosexuality?" essay for you Create order Women stopped having natural sex and started having sex with other women. In the same way, men stopped having natural sex and began wanting other men. Men did shameful things with other men, and in their bodies, they received the punishment for those wrongs.† This passage in Romans 1 is one of only a handful of passages in the Bible that directly relate to homosexuality. Homosexuality is mentioned only two or three times in all of the Old Testament. According to the Gospels, Jesus does not even talk about sex between men or of sex between women. This silence is probably a result of the common and widespread rejection of relations between people of the same sex in Israel and the church. The community of God’s people, in both the Old and New Testaments, appears to have assumed that everyone would recognize that homosexual practices are not allowed by God. The Old Testament law refers to a man having sex with another man as â€Å"a hateful sin† (Leviticus 18:22), and this view of things seems to have been taken for granted throughout the Bible. This does not mean that we receive no help from the Bible on the question of homosexuality. Questions about homosexuality must always be understood the larger category of human sexuality as treated in the Scriptures. Like sexual practices of all kinds, sexual relations between people of the same sex do not exist as a separate category for discussion. Instead, homosexuality must be understood as one part of a much larger discussion about sexuality and marriage, and about faithfulness as God’s people. According to Genesis 1-2, it is together, as man and woman, husband and wife, that people must be understood as one part of a much larger male and female, they reflect the image of God and are able to fulfill God’s instructions to them (Genesis 1:27-28). In marriage, a man and woman are united and â€Å"become one body† (Genesis 2:24). In the same way, when Jesus speaks of marriage and divorce, he assumes the uniting of a man and a woman in marriage (Mark 10:6-9). The Bible undoubtedly affirms sexual relations between a woman and a man who are married to each other. We should not be surprised, then, when we read biblical texts that reject sexual relations between men or between women. Desires of this kind and the sexual activities that accompany them are signs of something gone wrong in God’s creation. Homosexuality results from people rebelling against God’s intentions for human beings. According to Paul, homosexuality is one kind of proof that sin is active in the world (Romans 1:18-32). He even writes that those who practice homosexuality will not inherit the kingdom of God. This is true even though Paul’s churches included people who had had sexual relations with people of the same sex in the past (1 Corinthians 6:9-10; 1 Timothy 1:10). The Bible does not make a clear distinction between people who are homosexual by orientation and people who engage in homosexual behavior. These are modern categories. However, the message of the Bible is compatible with this way of thinking. One can understand the orientation of homosexuality because of sin at work in the world. If one were to act on one’s homosexual orientation through sexual activity with a person of the same sex, this would be more than a consequence of sin at work in the world. It would be between the human condition (we need God’s grace already at birth) and subsequent sinful acts that separate us from God. Homosexual behavior, like all sexual relations outside of marriage, is immoral. This does not mean that homosexuality is an especially â€Å"bad† sin, however. Paul rejects homosexuality as one of the sins that result from the rebellion of the human race against God. But he also describes as people who disobey God those who are greedy, get drunk, rob others, and so on. In fact, in Romans 1 he talks about selfish people, people who gossip, and children who disobey their parents as sinners in just the same way that women who have sex with other women or men who have sex with other men are sinners. This is a reminder that God wants all of us to be faithful to him in every part of our lives, and that no kind of sin is worse than any other in God’s eyes. This is also a reminder that God’s love and offer of forgiveness are not held back from those who desire and experience sexual relations with others of the same sex. Like the rest of us, homosexuals are people among whom God is at work so that we all might be members of God’s family.

Hydrothermal Vents Early Life Theories

It is still unclear as to how life on Earth began. There are many competing theories out there ranging from the Panspermia Theory to the proven incorrect Primordial Soup experiments. One of the newest theories is that life began in hydrothermal vents. What Are Hydrothermal Vents? Hydrothermal vents are structures in the bottom of the ocean that have extreme conditions. There are extreme heat and extreme pressure in and around these vents. Since sunlight cannot reach to the depths of these structures, there had to be another energy source for early life that may have formed there. The current form of the vents contain chemicals that lend themselves to chemosynthesis—a way for organisms to create their own energy similar to photosynthesis that uses chemicals instead of sunlight to make energy. The Severest of Conditions These types of organisms are extremophiles that can live in the severest of conditions. The hydrothermal vents are very hot, hence the word thermal in the name. They also tend to be acidic, which is usually harmful to life. However, life that lives in and near these vents have adaptations that make them able to live, and even thrive, in these harsh conditions. The Archaea Domain Archaea live and thrive in and near these vents. Since this Domain of life tends to be considered the most primitive of organisms, it is not a stretch to believe they were the first to populate the Earth. Conditions are just right in the hydrothermal vents to keep the Archaea alive and reproducing. With the amount of heat and pressure in these areas, along with the types of chemicals available, life can be created and changed relatively quickly. Scientists have also traced the DNA of all currently living organisms back to a common ancestor extremophile that would have been found in the hydrothermal vents. The species contained within the Archaea domain are also thought by scientists to be the precursors for eukaryotic organisms. DNA analysis of these extremophiles shows that these singled cell organisms are actually more similar to a eukaryotic cell and the Eukarya domain than the other single-celled organisms that make up the Bacteria domain. One Hypothesis Begins With Archaea One hypothesis about how life evolved begins with Archaea in the hydrothermal vents. Eventually, these types of single-celled organisms became colonial organisms. Over time, one of the larger unicellular organisms engulfed other single-celled organisms which then evolved to become organelles within the eukaryotic cell. Eukaryotic cells in multicellular organisms were then free to differentiate and perform specialized functions. This theory of how eukaryotes evolved from prokaryotes is called the endosymbiotic theory and was first proposed by American scientist Lynn Margulis. With a lot of data to back it up, including DNA analysis that links current organelles within eukaryotic cells to ancient prokaryotic cells, the Endosymbiotic Theory links the early life hypothesis of life beginning in hydrothermal vents on Earth with modern day multicellular organisms.

Presentation of Hamlet in Act 2 Scene 2 and 3 in William...

Presentation of Hamlet in Act 2 Scene 2 and 3 in William Shakespeares Hamlet It is hard to determine the intentions of William Shakespeare when he wrote Hamlet without looking at the social, historical and ethical context in which it was conceived. From the cover notes found within the Longman Literature edition, we can deduce that it is Shakespeares most well known play and, written during the year 1602, it was one of his later works. At this time, revenge was a very popular theme for plays and there is evidence if this in the vast number of plays about revenge that were written at the start of the seventeenth century. Throughout the play, Hamlet is shown as being a planner and this is†¦show more content†¦For example, Polonius would not have been killed because Hamlet would not have mistaken him for the king. Ophelia would not have committed suicide because Hamlet would have treated her better and Laertes would have no cause to fight Hamlet and lose his life in the process, and then Hamlet himself would have survived the tragic escapades found within the closing acts of the play. Hamlet can appear to be quite brutal and insensitive towards certain characters in the play, in particular, Ophelia, Polonius, Gertrude (his mother), Rosencrantz and Guildenstern. He does however, have a reason for his treatment of these people. In the case of the kings courtiers, Rosencrantz and Guildenstern, they can be seen as plotting against Hamlet and being two faced in their treatment of him. There is evidence to support this in act three, scene three, when Guildenstern assures the king that We will our selves provide. Most holy and religious fear it is to keep those many bodies safe that live and feed on your majesty. This shows that they respect the king and understand it to be their religious duty to protect the general public from Hamlet. This is ironic, as Polonius will soon be dead to the sword of Hamlet. However, at the time that this play was written, revenge plays were very popular with audiences and playwrights alike and this would conceivably made theShow MoreRelatedWilliam Shakespeares Hamlet Essay2474 Words   |  10 PagesWilliam Shakespeares Hamlet When first introduced to Hamlet he is a character full of pain and confusion, still mourning his father’s death, ‘But two months dead-nay, not so much, not two’.[1] The punctuation here highlights Hamlet’s anguish. Significantly, Hamlet is already portrayed as a misfit, as no one else within the court but Hamlet is wearing mourning clothes; in Shakespeare’s time it would have been worn for at least a year following the death of a king.Read MoreEssay on Biography of William Shakespeare2736 Words   |  11 PagesBiography of William Shakespeare William Shakespeare was born on April 23, 1564. He was baptized on April 24, 1564, in Stratford-upon-Avon, Warwickshire. He was the third of eight children born to John Shakespeare and Mary Arden, three of whom died in childhood. John was a well-known merchant and Mary was the daughter of a Roman Catholic member of the gentry, or high social position. The house where Shakespeare spent his childhood stood adjacent to he wool shop in which his father plied a successfulRead MoreReligion in Shakespeare1024 Words   |  4 PagesThe religion of William Shakespeare is a subject about which very few people have a complete understanding. 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Though Faulkner’s claim as a fledgling writer in 1921 that â€Å"[he] could write a play like Hamlet if [he] wanted to† (FAB 330) may be dismissed asRead More William Shakespeare and His Works Essay3349 Words   |  14 Pages William Shakespeare, the figure to whom the most influential works of literature in history are credited, was born in April of 1564 (the exact date is approximated as April 23rd, also the date given as his death fifty-two years later) in Stratford, England to John and Mary Shakespeare. He grew up in relatively middle-class surroundings, attending grammar school and studying Latin, logic, and literature, from which he graduated to marry a woman by the name of Anne Hathaway. With Hathaway he hadRead MoreThea 1016562 Words   |  27 PagesFinal Project Part1: Directorial Vision Statement The piece that I selected for this formal treatment is Romeo and Juliet by William Shakespeare. I select this for a couple of reasons that are listed as the following. First of all, Romeo and Juliet is so famous and popular all around the world, and the two main characters—Romeo and Juliet are so well-known that even people who have no idea about theatre or the original piece of work know they are tragic lovers whose families resented each otherRead MoreMacbeth9435 Words   |  38 Pagesproduction ofMacbeth, starring Thomas W. Keene. Depicted, counter clockwise from top-left, are: Macbeth and Banquo meet the  witches; just after the murder ofDuncan; Banquo s ghost; Macbeth duels Macduff; and Macbeth. Macbeth  is a play written by  William Shakespeare. It is considered one of his darkest and most powerful tragedies. Set in Scotland, the play dramatizes the corrosive psychological and political effects produced when evil is chosen as a way to fulfil the ambition for power. The playRead MoreStudy Guide Literary Terms7657 Words   |  31 Pages AP Literary and Rhetorical Terms 1. 2. alliteration- Used for poetic effect, a repetition of the initial sounds of several words in a group. The following line from Robert Frosts poem Acquainted with the Night provides us with an example of alliteration,: I have stood still and stopped the sound of feet. The repetition of the s sound creates a sense of quiet, reinforcing the meaning of the line 3. allegory – Where every aspect of a story is representative, usually symbolicRead MoreGoal Movie Review10720 Words   |  43 Pagesthis film in particular. They also got American Danny Stepper in on the venture. The project was gathering steam. â€Å"It seemed like a no-brainer to us,† explains Jefferies. â€Å"If we could make a film that resonated on a dramatic level about this kid’s 2 story, and create something really engaging that has appeal beyond a sporting audience, so that it can cross over demographics, territory, gender†¦ we’d have something really exciting,† says Jefferies. Novices to show business, Jefferies and Barrelle

Driving at 16 Free Essays

In the state of Pennsylvania you can obtain a driver’s license at 16 years of age. There are a lot of disadvantages for teens driving at that age. Statistics and research show that their brains aren’t fully develop, they don’t have enough hours or time driving under the different weather conditions, they are more prone to having accidents, and their insurance rates are high. We will write a custom essay sample on Driving at 16 or any similar topic only for you Order Now You would think teenagers would be the world’s best drivers. Their muscles are supple and their reflexes are quick. Though car crashes are the leading cause of death more than drugs, guns, violence, or any disease. The National Institutes of Health conducted a research on brain immaturity of teenagers and how it can affect the driving and their judgment. The study shows that the region of the brain that inhibits risky behavior is not fully developed until about the age 25 which greatly impacts the nations driving laws. Here is a diagram showing how the brain matures from age 5 to 20. This just simply proves how teenagers and there lack of judgment and impulse can improve through maturity by age. Besides the maturity level of the brain of a teenager, another disadvantage is the hours driving under the wheel. They currently do not have enough hours and time driving under different weather climates to understand how that can affect maturity of their driving. In Pennsylvania, 16 year olds only have to drive for 50 hours and can obtain a junior license after 6 months of driving. So for an example you get your permit in April you can have your junior license in October. What about the winter months? That’s an important month because that’s deals with snow and ice factors. A third disadvantage for 16 year olds are accident rates are high. Teenagers are four times more likely than older drivers to be involved in a car crash and three times as likely to die in one, according to the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety. In 2008, PennDOT released an article on: Reminding Teen Drivers to Avoid Distractions While Driving. There was 23,059 crashes involving teenager driving and out of those crashes 194 fatalities. In 2009, Pennsylvania Crash Facts and Statistics show there were 22,473 crashes and 186 involving fatalities. Even though the percentage has gone down a little, that’s still way too many. Too many teenagers now a days talk and text while driving, continue to eat or drink, don’t wear seat belts, listening to loud music, goofing off with their friends, and have too many friends in the car. Then what happens is you lose focus on the road, the traffic around you, and causes you to have an accident. Which will affect your driving record and your insurance rate will go even higher. Which brings me to the final reason why driving at 16 has a disadvantage is the insurance rates are high. Teenage male drivers are 3 times a higher risk than teenage female drivers. A 78% statistic shows through Bureau of Highway Safety and Traffic Engineering and Pennsylvania Department of Transportation that more teenage males tend to have accidents. They also like to race each other in streets and tend to get more driving tickets. Even though taking the driving course through your school or driving class may help it still is a high rate. Plus teenagers are under their parents insurance until they reach 18. So if the parent has an excellent driving record and the teenager is careless or has an accident this than affects the parents. Which I think is unfair. It should affect the teen not the parent. Here are some solutions to all these disadvantages for a 16 year old having a driver’s license in the state of Pennsylvania. Right away I would raise the age to 17. I would than raise the hours of driving from 50 hours to 75 to start. I would also make it that instead of 6 months to obtaining a junior driver’s license; you would have 9 to 10 months until you can obtain one. That way you can be able to learn how to drive under all weather conditions. I also feel that teenagers should only be able to drive back and forth to work like a bread and butter license until you reach a certain number of hours and your driving record is clean. Change the time frame for allowing teenagers to drive. An example would be from 6 a. m. to 10 p. m. after that someone over the age of 18 would have to drive. The number of passenger’s in a car would be changed to only allowing 1 person under the age of 18 in a car. Since you would have to be 17 now to drive, I would also make it that you can obtain your own insurance policy. Or, if you or your parents want you under their policy it would only affect you if you get into an accident or get tickets. In some counties they have passed that you can’t text or talk on a phone while driving. They should pass this everywhere. This would all help reduce the accident rates and insurance rates. It is clear that if we could get some new laws passed or raise the age, this would resolve a lot statistics of teenage driving. In return they would be more mature and would make better choices and decisions. REFERENCES: The Washington Post (2005). The Developing Brain. Retrieved from http://washingtonpost. com DMV. org (2011 September 26). Pennsylvania Teen Drivers Guide. Retrieved from http://www. dmv. org PRNewswire (2011 September 26). PennDOT Reminds Teen Drivers to Avoid Distractions While Driving. Retrieved from http://www. prnewswire. com PennDOT (2009). Pennsylvania Crash Facts and Statistics. Retrieved from http://www. dot. state. pa. us The Daily Local (2011). Maturity Level of the Brain. Retrieved from http://www. dailylocal. com How to cite Driving at 16, Papers

Legal System and Legal Research in the Republic of South

Question: Describe about tribunal to observe a case and summarise the case together with the decisions of the panel. Outline the strengths and weaknesses of tribunals in the UK (visitors badge or attendance certificate from the tribunal need be attached as evidence). Answer: Introduction The tribunals in the United Kingdom are basically a part of the national system of the administrative department, but are being classified as the non-departmental public bodies. It was being formed under the circumstances of having a minority class in the judicial system on an ad hoc basis. Since 2007, there have been discussions as well, with the help of which the departmental changes are being made in order to make sure that this particular biased system can be avoided on the grounds having an effective scenario for these people in the country. The discussions are being made by the senior vice president of the tribunal group in order to have an effective scenario for them in the long run. The tribunal have been engaging itself in the activities that are actually leading for the benefits to this group of people. It was only in the year 2007, when the government of UK had passed an act for the purpose of legally accepting people from this group as members of the judiciary system in the United Kingdom. The Tribunals, courts and enforcement acts has been the laying down the principles of accepting this group of people as the member of judiciary in UK. According to this act, the tribunals were basically divided in certain groups that would determine most of the scenarios as per the requirements and the needs of these people. This step taken by the government of UK had led this group of people to make sure that even they can take an active participation in order to bring their class of people as a necessary aspect to set the demand for the whole economy together. Hence, it can be said that in most of the scenarios, it becomes an important aspect for the government of UK to make sure that Tribunals are included in the decision making process of the government. (Improvement Of The Resolution Of Sen sory Panels, 2016) Summary of the Case There have been lots of cases where the people in UK have gone against the system, disrespecting the existence of Tribunals. One of such cases has been the case between Ms William and MOD. These tribunals have been facing a difficult time in order to be the member of the judiciary to make sure that no disrespectful decisions has been taken. In this case as well there has been a situation where the EAT had actually dismissed the appeal of the claimant leading to an issue where the tribunal act had come in to existence. It is basically an appeal against the decision of the case, by the ET as it did not have any jurisdictions to basically hear the complained of the victimized. Therefore, it can be said that the equality act was not being followed for the people of this class. For this reason, it became an important factor for these people to come up with the scenario to make sure that they get equal rights in order to have a say in the decisions as taken by the higher authority. In most of the scenarios, it is the tribunal class people who are being suffering from these issues. The major reason behind the same has been the conflict in which these people are actually involved with or against the society. Apart from this, there have been situations where the in spite of having known the fact that a person from this group is actually on the favourable side, yet making a biased decisions, many a times the judge does not rule the case in favour of the tribunals as there has been no law regarding the matter to be judged and especially in the cases when these people are involved. The panel had not actually given a decision which would satisfy the people involved with the same. The major reason for the same has been the fact that the tribunals were not treated effectively in the case as it had led the people to make sure that they are being negatively responded towards the whole scenario. The observation has been according to the fact that the decision was biased enough for the people to come to the conclusion that the whole scenario was not in favour of the people from tribunal. Strengths of tribunals The existence of tribunals has been very much in the favour of them due to some of the major reasons. For the most important thing, i.e. the matters related to the court, tribunals do not have to wait for any kind of a court date in order to come to the conclusion. The decision taken will be less time consuming and the people involved with the same will be able to make sure that they are being able to put their views and arguments in the most effective manner. It can be regarded as one of the most important strengths for the tribunals as it would lead them to have an effective scenario for the betterment of their own society.(Text of IBM-Hitachi agreement establishing dispute resolution panel, 1983) Not only this, as the involvement of the court would not be there, the expenses to come on to a decision would not be expensive enough for the people to bear. The major reason for this is the fact that presence of court would actually lead to the whole scenario to get a reduction in the cost to nil. Therefore, it can be said that in most of the cases, the cost related to the same would not be incurred and hence for this reason this can be considered as one of the major strengths of tribunals.(Findlaw, 2016) It is simple and cost effective both as there are no complications as such to follow certain rules and regulations. It is simple as it does not involve any form of complications as there are no complications of the rules and regulations which are to be followed by the court to come to a conclusion for the claimant. This simplicity and cost effective aspect leads to the fact of having an effective scenario. Weaknesses of Tribunals The absence of rules and regulations doesnt mean that there is no law which is to be followed. There are certain laws, which are quite ineffective in nature. The rules and regulation has been complex because of which the ineffectiveness can be observed. Apart from this as well, there should be evidence enough for people to produce in front of the authority to make an appeal or something to prove their respective points. Hence, this can be considered as one of the weaknesses of the tribunals. This weakness of the tribunals would lead them to make sure that they have to produce proper evidences in order to decide all the necessary aspects. (Jurisdiction of Choice, 2016) Imbalance of power is also considered to be as a weakness ad it is an important aspect to determine who is going to determine all these facets of the case. The rules and regulations as made by the society of tribunals are to be followed in making any sort of a decision. These are the basic weaknesses of the tribunals as it would help the people in the group to make sure that the whole scenario is effectively used and no biased decisions has been taken or executed for the betterment of their respective society. (Brooker and Lavers, 1997) Importance of alternative dispute resolution system The dispute resolution system has been effectively utilised by the government of UK as in the presence of this system, all the groups which are not the respective member of the judiciary. In this scenario the alternative dispute resolution system is effectively utilised. This alternative dispute resolution system has been one of the major reasons for the court of law to determine any particular cases in the presence of which the company can actually lead to an effective rules and regulations. (cps.gov.uk, 2016) There are scenarios where the court is not being able to come to a conclusion for a group, where the normal laws cannot be applied. Apart from this, the whole scenario is to be actually modified as per the need of the group. Therefore, these aspects are actually dealt with the needful laws and regulations as per the effective processes to make sure that there is no biases aspect from the court of law. Hence, it should be that with the presence of having the best alternative dispute resolution system, the UK government has been taking an active role in the determination of the same. This alternative dispute system also has certain rules and regulations which are being effectively utilized for the purpose of having the most effective scenario for the groups which are not being considered as the member of the judiciary system of the country. Other than that most of the scenarios in these cases have been effectively utilized for the betterment of the tribunal group.. (Nyulawglobal, 2016) Types of alternative dispute resolutions available There have been different types of dispute resolution system available to the government of UK. It is because of this variety of the system, the tribunals are being able to get the justice in the matters where it becomes difficult for them to actually gain the same. Hence for this reason most of the times, the necessary decisions are taken by the society and the government together. For this particular reason, the UK government has come up with the concept of having alternative dispute resolutions as well, in place of the usual course of law. In this regard, the excessive decisions of the court of law are to be executed only when the whole matter is actually concluded that it is of a group where the court of law had decided for a fact that the normal laws would not be applied on them. Therefore the existence of having an alternative dispute system leads the economy to have rules and regulation for almost all the classes of people.(Study.com, 2016) Hence, it can be said that once the economy had decided to issue a new law for a group which is different from that of the normal citizens of the country, these alternative aspects are introduced. Hence, it can be said that these different types of dispute resolution system plays an important role in the determination of law which would effectively initiate the problem solving matters of the different groups in UK. 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