Corporate Social Responsibility of the Dow Chemical Company Essay

Corporate Social Responsibility of the Dow Chemical Company - Essay Example This research will begin with the statement that the current times do not allow for companies to be in business just for the sake of making profits anymore. Many consumers rely on companies and firms for goods and services, but the level of competition allows the consumers to make their purchasing decisions based on several factors. One of the most surprising factors is how much positive goods a company is doing outside of the workplace setting. Many consumers are basing their company and corporate loyalties on how much a firm is positively impacting on their community. Therefore, CSR has become a growing concern for most, if not all firms and corporations because it provides a competitive edge to a company. Through CSR, companies are innovating new products and services to ensure sustainability. For instance, a firm might change the chemical composition of its products so as to make them safer for the end users. A firm can also devote their funds and much valued time to initiatives that are beneficial to the society, like cleanups. Corporate Social Responsibility entails the managing of the overall impacts of a company on a society. This consists of the direct impact of the operations and the wider impact of business all through the value chain from manufacturers to suppliers and finally to the consumers. Corporate Social Responsibility can also be defined as the ongoing commitment by a firm to contribute to economic development, at the same time improving the quality of life of its employees and their families as well as the society and community at large. CSR can also be referred to as â€Å"corporate citizenship†, involving the incurrence of costs that don’t provide a direct financial benefit to the company but promotes positive environmental and social change. The Dow Chemical Company is a globally acknowledged manufacturer and supplier of products used as raw materials in the manufacture of a myriad of other consumer products and services.

Organizational Culture and Leadership Change Essay

Organizational Culture and Leadership Change - Essay Example He is liked by each and every employee and all of them have great love and respect for him. He is a 'father' to them in the real sense. The performance of the company has been stable for the last decade, though in pure commercial terms it could have always done much better. Philip's approach was always based on elements of trust and collaboration where decision making appeared to be on basis of collective wisdom of the staff. The demands of the business have changed with the region being no more restricted by national boundaries. Coupled with these pressures was the failing health of Philip Mayor; which made him decide to hand over the management of the business to his only son Tony Mayor over a year back. Tony is a Commerce graduate with a Management degree from one of the prestigious universities of the U.S., but has very little experience. The transition from Philip Mayor to Tony Mayor has witnessed a sea change in the company. There has been more visible emphasis on discipline, systems, expectations of performance, change in workloads, change in style, change in structures, induction of modern technology and overall a change in approach to business with diminishing collective participation . A couple of loyal employees have been fired and some are under threat of losing their jobs. From the company performance side, Tony is determined to ensure that there is optimal return on investments made by the company and for which he is not prepared to compromise on any count. He is also considering seriously of inducting core professionals to provide a professional touch to the company which requires intense interaction with big clients both within and beyond the region. The whole employees of the company appear to be dissatisfied with the transition and one can feel the vibrations in everything that the employees do. Problem Statement Day in and day out and all around us, we see "organization" and "culture" dominating our discussions in our lives at home, at work and beyond. In the context of this case it is necessary to understand what is an organization Organization is about people, about other resources, the way people interact and the way they deal with other resources. It is a complex system built around human relationships, relationships between human and other resources and which are constantly under internal and external environmental influences. We can see that organizations are just not about resources and their combination; it is much more than that. It has life as it has people and it has a definite purpose, a definite code, a definite approach. Just coming together of people and other resources is not organization. In other words, organization essentially means and represents people. The next question that comes up is -What is culture It is fascinating so much as it is complex to understand! J. P. Lederach, in his famous book entitled 'Preparing for peace: Conflict transformation across cultures' defines culture as "the shared knowledge and schemes created by a set of people for perceiving, interpreting, expressing, and responding to the social realities around them" (Lederach 1995). The need for togetherness, interdependence, collaboration and sharing involves each one of us to have our own perception, beliefs and values in our quest for being understood, understanding others and mutually understanding. In this process,

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Hard work is the stepping stone for success Since my childhood I used to believe in hardwork and I have been a keen observer and am well known for probing new avenues, always enthusiastic and ready with a chain of questions. Having been brought up in a strong and secure family, i have been blessed to have parents who instilled me with good values and principles. Education was always given first priority and there was no compromise for it. My parents’ support motivated me to reach my goals. Right from my school days, i always enjoy studying biology and mathametics. At the school level though exposed to only major concepts of biology, the terms like cell, genes, dna, protein intrigued me a lot. I used to question myself as to how could these molecules/components, though very small in size, could perform heavy load of work in a well -planned manner and that too within a fraction of second. From my childhood iam interested in studying biology.I love to read books on life sciences and the natural process that occur in nature ,I used to experiments in my home on seed by seeing their different stages of growth by cultivating them in sand .Throughout my school i had excelled in academics by being in top 10 of my entire class.. Also in the state level engineering entrance examination i secured 86.4%. At that time the field of biotechnology field was new to my country and made many remarkable achievements. The passion towards biological sciences made me to take btech in biotech nology in jntua collage of engineering in pulivendula which is an government university. In college i have been exposed to many fields of study like biochemistry, cell biology, micro biology, molecular biology, genetics, genetic engineering, protein engineering, enz... ...or students and also doing some research work which we will be getting from research scholars and writing articles/papers are my responsibilities During my working period I have also submitted another research paper on â€Å"Insilico assessment of factor xa inhibitors by docking studies†which is under review.Iam planning plusing more papers which are under processs. I believe that i have all the qualities of a good researcher. I learnt many things from both my victories and failures.. I can accept both criticism and praise with a positive attitude. I feel that graduate study at your university will be the most logical extension of my academic pursuits and a major step towards achieving my objectives. I would be grateful to you if i am given the opportunity to pursue my graduate studies with financial assistance at your institution and am able to justify your faith in me.

Discussing The Theoretical Perspective Of Socialization

Socialization has different perspectives for viewing the social world. Perspective is how the world is looked at and theory consists of principles or propositions that are interrelated and give explanation or an answer to a phenomenon. Sociological theories explain about the social world where we live in. theoretical perspective of socialization explain the causes and possible solutions to social problems. Structural-functionalist perspective Society is considered as a system of parts that are interconnected and work to maintain state of social equilibrium and balance for everybody.For example, every social institution have an important function to the society, a family participates in reproducing, socializing children and nurturing them. Education provides knowledge, skills and shared beliefs to the youths. Politics governs the society and economics helps in production and consumption of goods. (Bacal, 1985 pp20-27). Structural-functionalist lay emphasis on interconnectedness of eve ry society by looking at how different parts influence and are influenced by others.For example, number of children who do not perform well in school has increased due to the increase in number of single parents and families who are dual earners because; parents are not available to supervise their children as they do their homework. Change in technology has resulted to colleges offering technical programs where many adults go to learn new skills required in their place of work. When number of women increase in the work place, there are policies formed against discrimination in jobs and sexual harassment.There is use of functional and dysfunctional in describing effects social elements have on the society. Functional elements make contribution to social stability and it is dysfunctional if there is disruption to social stability. Society may have aspects that are functional and dysfunctional. For example, crime is considered as dysfunctional because of being involved with fear and p hysical violence but Durkheim consider it as functional because of creating heightened awareness of moral bonds that are shared and social cohesion.According to social pathology, when there is sickness in the society, social problems arises just the way body of human being become ill when systems and organs are not functioning normally. When the structure and culture of society do not perform properly, society becomes ill. For example, crime, poverty and violence break families and leads to decline in religious institutions. (Baker, 1995 pp19-23). According to social disorganization, society norms are disrupted by rapid social change.When norms conflict or become weak, society becomes anomie and people may engage in drug abuse, rape and deviant behavior because of the weak and conflicting norms that regards their behavior. The pace of social change should be slowed down and strengthen social norms to solve the social problem. For example, when teenage use alcohol it violates social norm in society. The media show young people taking alcohol which make teenagers buy it using identification cards that are fake and parents make their children drink alcohol by drinking after work.Norms should be strengthened against taking alcohol through public education. (Storer, 1977 pp30-38). Conflict perspective The society is made up of different groups which have interests that compete to get power and resources. Conflict perspective looks at the group with power and is able to benefit from social arrangement. According to Karl Marx, in a society, there are stages involved in economic development. Societies change from being agricultural to industrial and become more concerned in making profit rather than meeting their basic needs.Industrialization results to people who own factories and businesses and workers who earn salaries and wages. People who have their own means of production benefit from division of society into classes of people. Employees who earn subsistence wag es do not have access to resources that wealthy owners have. Marx theory deals with social conflict due to economic inequalities and non-Marxist theory is about social conflict from competing values in social groups. In Marxists, inequalities that are inherent in capitalist system may cause social problems.A system where some people have and others do not have may benefit those who have and translate to poverty for people who do not have. Physical health and low achievement in education and crime are caused by poverty. Marxist theory of conflict focuses on alienation and powerlessness in lives of people. Societies that are industrialized have workers with little power and control of their jobs and are powerless in their lives. Specialized work requires repetitive tasks to be performed which make employees feel their lives to be meaningless because they perform tasks that are very limited.Alienation occurs in workplace and classroom where students do not have power if they find a cur riculum with no meaning. Alienation leads to low achievements in education, suicide and violence. (Basch, 1999 pp35-39). According to non-Marxist, when there are opposing interests in groups, conflict may arise. For example, activists of antiabortion emphasize on life of unborn embryos while pro-choice activists emphasize on women having the right to control their body and make reproductive decisions.This shows different interpretations of what make a social problem. Availability of abortion is social problem to antiabortionists while restriction of abortion is a social problem to pro-choice advocates. In order to solve problems brought about by competing values. Conflicting groups must understand the views of each other and get solution to their differences through mediation. The solution should satisfy both groups and should be win-win. Power influences outcome of conflicts where the group with most power influences the outcome.For example, when the congress could not increase the age of legal drinking to twenty one voluntarily in all states, it threatened to remove all the funds for federal highway from people who refused to comply. Symbolic interactions perspective Symbolic interactions talks about how definitions and meanings from interacting with others influence human behavior. Meaning and consequences of social behavior is important and human being should define the situation instead of the objectives of the situation because consequences of the situations are the ones that make the situations become real.Social interaction shapes our identity and self concept is developed by observing interaction of other people and how people view us. (Coburn, 1998 pp22-26). Perspective of symbolic interaction has implication on research conducted by scientists. To understand behavior of individual or group, social scientists looks at world from eyes of the individual or group. They understand how other people view reality and subjective aspects of experiences they h ave gone through which includes beliefs, symbols and attitudes. For a condition to become a social problem, it must be defined as a social problem.There are different stages of development of a social problem. It begins with societal recognition where social problem is born such us drunk driving. The next is social legitimating where larger community recognizes social problem which include schools and media. The other stage is mobilization for action when groups and individuals try to respond to social condition which results to development of a plan to deal with problem for example having checkpoints in highway to check drivers who drive while drunk. Explaining the role of social psychologistsSocial psychologists predict behavior and explain it. They give explanation of behavior in terms of its social forms. The components of behavior are thought, feeling which is emotional and action that are observed. The study of social psychologists deals with how people think about others and social emotions of loving each other and getting attracted to each other and being social through aggression and helping other people. Social psychologists at group level explain behavior in terms of social and biological groups where people belong and processes that are used to mould these groups.Biological groups include sexes and species and social groups are religious, ethnic and cultural groups. They classify families as social and biological group and process of cultural and biological evolution and changes in social groups. The current social situation is taken to be the cause of behavior. Individuals have hypothetical factors inferred from their behavior such as attitudes, personality traits and consciousness. Social psychologists have experiments that raise questions about measurements and ethics in researching about social psychology.Empirical data and theories organize data and predict behavior of people. Good theories have predictive utility and data can support or disap prove data and bring about interesting research. (Dewald, 1987 pp30-34). Social psychologists studies the formation of attitudes, how attitude is structured, changes in attitude, how attitudes function and how attitude is related to behavior. This is because, situations influence people and general attitudes can not predict behavior.Due to various reasons, environment may be valued by a person on a particular day and attitudes are always remembered and are at the center of our self concept since they result to behavior and general attitudes predict behavior over a given period of time. Social psychologists study how people remember, perceive and think about information of others. They assume that in social recognition, reality is complex and easy to discern and world is seen as image of reality. They study attitudes involved in every discipline which includes social perception.Attitudes are learned and they influence how a person thinks and takes action where there is expression of approval or disapproval of what is liked or disliked. (Merton, 1973 pp17-23). Social psychologists deals with phenomenon which is self related. They lay emphasis on cognitions. Self concept is where a person understands himself and is a cognitive component called self-schema and evaluative component called self-esteem. The center for human motivation is self-esteem and self efficacy is where an individual expects that the task performed will be effective.Social psychologists ensure that people are able to develop self concepts through getting feedback from others and social comparison. Social psychologists studies group related phenomena and behavior people in a crowd. They study reduced self awareness caused by dangerous behavior which occurs in mobs due to dark environment or disguise. When people work as a group, productivity and performance can be affected because people work harder when in presence of others which improve the way simple tasks are performed. (Fosshage, 1995 pp51 -56).

What is homosexuality - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 871 Downloads: 5 Date added: 2019/08/06 Category Society Essay Level High school Topics: Homosexuality Essay Did you like this example? What is homosexuality? The Bible never uses this term, though from time to time it does refer to behavior to which we now refer as homosexual. Homosexuality is the desire for and the experience of sexual behavior between members of the same sex. This way of understanding homosexuality shows the importance of consent between two adults, as Paul suggest in Romans 1:26-27, â€Å"because people did those things, God left them and let them do the shameful things they wanted to do. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "What is homosexuality?" essay for you Create order Women stopped having natural sex and started having sex with other women. In the same way, men stopped having natural sex and began wanting other men. Men did shameful things with other men, and in their bodies, they received the punishment for those wrongs.† This passage in Romans 1 is one of only a handful of passages in the Bible that directly relate to homosexuality. Homosexuality is mentioned only two or three times in all of the Old Testament. According to the Gospels, Jesus does not even talk about sex between men or of sex between women. This silence is probably a result of the common and widespread rejection of relations between people of the same sex in Israel and the church. The community of God’s people, in both the Old and New Testaments, appears to have assumed that everyone would recognize that homosexual practices are not allowed by God. The Old Testament law refers to a man having sex with another man as â€Å"a hateful sin† (Leviticus 18:22), and this view of things seems to have been taken for granted throughout the Bible. This does not mean that we receive no help from the Bible on the question of homosexuality. Questions about homosexuality must always be understood the larger category of human sexuality as treated in the Scriptures. Like sexual practices of all kinds, sexual relations between people of the same sex do not exist as a separate category for discussion. Instead, homosexuality must be understood as one part of a much larger discussion about sexuality and marriage, and about faithfulness as God’s people. According to Genesis 1-2, it is together, as man and woman, husband and wife, that people must be understood as one part of a much larger male and female, they reflect the image of God and are able to fulfill God’s instructions to them (Genesis 1:27-28). In marriage, a man and woman are united and â€Å"become one body† (Genesis 2:24). In the same way, when Jesus speaks of marriage and divorce, he assumes the uniting of a man and a woman in marriage (Mark 10:6-9). The Bible undoubtedly affirms sexual relations between a woman and a man who are married to each other. We should not be surprised, then, when we read biblical texts that reject sexual relations between men or between women. Desires of this kind and the sexual activities that accompany them are signs of something gone wrong in God’s creation. Homosexuality results from people rebelling against God’s intentions for human beings. According to Paul, homosexuality is one kind of proof that sin is active in the world (Romans 1:18-32). He even writes that those who practice homosexuality will not inherit the kingdom of God. This is true even though Paul’s churches included people who had had sexual relations with people of the same sex in the past (1 Corinthians 6:9-10; 1 Timothy 1:10). The Bible does not make a clear distinction between people who are homosexual by orientation and people who engage in homosexual behavior. These are modern categories. However, the message of the Bible is compatible with this way of thinking. One can understand the orientation of homosexuality because of sin at work in the world. If one were to act on one’s homosexual orientation through sexual activity with a person of the same sex, this would be more than a consequence of sin at work in the world. It would be between the human condition (we need God’s grace already at birth) and subsequent sinful acts that separate us from God. Homosexual behavior, like all sexual relations outside of marriage, is immoral. This does not mean that homosexuality is an especially â€Å"bad† sin, however. Paul rejects homosexuality as one of the sins that result from the rebellion of the human race against God. But he also describes as people who disobey God those who are greedy, get drunk, rob others, and so on. In fact, in Romans 1 he talks about selfish people, people who gossip, and children who disobey their parents as sinners in just the same way that women who have sex with other women or men who have sex with other men are sinners. This is a reminder that God wants all of us to be faithful to him in every part of our lives, and that no kind of sin is worse than any other in God’s eyes. This is also a reminder that God’s love and offer of forgiveness are not held back from those who desire and experience sexual relations with others of the same sex. Like the rest of us, homosexuals are people among whom God is at work so that we all might be members of God’s family.

Hydrothermal Vents Early Life Theories

It is still unclear as to how life on Earth began. There are many competing theories out there ranging from the Panspermia Theory to the proven incorrect Primordial Soup experiments. One of the newest theories is that life began in hydrothermal vents. What Are Hydrothermal Vents? Hydrothermal vents are structures in the bottom of the ocean that have extreme conditions. There are extreme heat and extreme pressure in and around these vents. Since sunlight cannot reach to the depths of these structures, there had to be another energy source for early life that may have formed there. The current form of the vents contain chemicals that lend themselves to chemosynthesis—a way for organisms to create their own energy similar to photosynthesis that uses chemicals instead of sunlight to make energy. The Severest of Conditions These types of organisms are extremophiles that can live in the severest of conditions. The hydrothermal vents are very hot, hence the word thermal in the name. They also tend to be acidic, which is usually harmful to life. However, life that lives in and near these vents have adaptations that make them able to live, and even thrive, in these harsh conditions. The Archaea Domain Archaea live and thrive in and near these vents. Since this Domain of life tends to be considered the most primitive of organisms, it is not a stretch to believe they were the first to populate the Earth. Conditions are just right in the hydrothermal vents to keep the Archaea alive and reproducing. With the amount of heat and pressure in these areas, along with the types of chemicals available, life can be created and changed relatively quickly. Scientists have also traced the DNA of all currently living organisms back to a common ancestor extremophile that would have been found in the hydrothermal vents. The species contained within the Archaea domain are also thought by scientists to be the precursors for eukaryotic organisms. DNA analysis of these extremophiles shows that these singled cell organisms are actually more similar to a eukaryotic cell and the Eukarya domain than the other single-celled organisms that make up the Bacteria domain. One Hypothesis Begins With Archaea One hypothesis about how life evolved begins with Archaea in the hydrothermal vents. Eventually, these types of single-celled organisms became colonial organisms. Over time, one of the larger unicellular organisms engulfed other single-celled organisms which then evolved to become organelles within the eukaryotic cell. Eukaryotic cells in multicellular organisms were then free to differentiate and perform specialized functions. This theory of how eukaryotes evolved from prokaryotes is called the endosymbiotic theory and was first proposed by American scientist Lynn Margulis. With a lot of data to back it up, including DNA analysis that links current organelles within eukaryotic cells to ancient prokaryotic cells, the Endosymbiotic Theory links the early life hypothesis of life beginning in hydrothermal vents on Earth with modern day multicellular organisms.

Presentation of Hamlet in Act 2 Scene 2 and 3 in William...

Presentation of Hamlet in Act 2 Scene 2 and 3 in William Shakespeares Hamlet It is hard to determine the intentions of William Shakespeare when he wrote Hamlet without looking at the social, historical and ethical context in which it was conceived. From the cover notes found within the Longman Literature edition, we can deduce that it is Shakespeares most well known play and, written during the year 1602, it was one of his later works. At this time, revenge was a very popular theme for plays and there is evidence if this in the vast number of plays about revenge that were written at the start of the seventeenth century. Throughout the play, Hamlet is shown as being a planner and this is†¦show more content†¦For example, Polonius would not have been killed because Hamlet would not have mistaken him for the king. Ophelia would not have committed suicide because Hamlet would have treated her better and Laertes would have no cause to fight Hamlet and lose his life in the process, and then Hamlet himself would have survived the tragic escapades found within the closing acts of the play. Hamlet can appear to be quite brutal and insensitive towards certain characters in the play, in particular, Ophelia, Polonius, Gertrude (his mother), Rosencrantz and Guildenstern. He does however, have a reason for his treatment of these people. In the case of the kings courtiers, Rosencrantz and Guildenstern, they can be seen as plotting against Hamlet and being two faced in their treatment of him. There is evidence to support this in act three, scene three, when Guildenstern assures the king that We will our selves provide. Most holy and religious fear it is to keep those many bodies safe that live and feed on your majesty. This shows that they respect the king and understand it to be their religious duty to protect the general public from Hamlet. This is ironic, as Polonius will soon be dead to the sword of Hamlet. However, at the time that this play was written, revenge plays were very popular with audiences and playwrights alike and this would conceivably made theShow MoreRelatedWilliam Shakespeares Hamlet Essay2474 Words   |  10 PagesWilliam Shakespeares Hamlet When first introduced to Hamlet he is a character full of pain and confusion, still mourning his father’s death, ‘But two months dead-nay, not so much, not two’.[1] The punctuation here highlights Hamlet’s anguish. 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